Freedom is one of the most important principles and fundamentals of anthropology as well as one of the most basic human rights and needs that Islam has valued and placed at the top of human needs. However, Islamic and Western thought do not have the same view on this category, and the principle of freedom in these two thoughts has different definition, nature, application, goals and dimensions. The purpose of this research is to compare the application of the principle of freedom in the basic areas of the theory of modern progress and development. This research, which was carried out by the analytical-adaptive method and with the help of library data, showed that the application of freedom in the theory of progress is the value of man and the possibility of his education, growth and excellence. In addition, this anthropological principle also proves the moral and civil responsibility of man in society.While liberal freedom has caused the concept of humanity and the non-presumption of human dignity to be worthless in modernism, and has changed the concept of spirituality as the most important ethical and moral domain, and in the domain of action and behavior, it has also caused the economy to be free from any moral and human restrictions. By comparing the application of freedom in the three areas of vision, writing and action of the theory of modern progress and development, it is concluded that the modern world has not been able to bring the happiness of this world and the hereafter to humans, while the theory of Islamic progress, which is based on religious foundations and principles It is a theory of Islam in line with the realization of good life and providing a happy and pleasant life for mankind in this world and the hereafter